Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries. Methods A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling participated. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the alignment method was used to evaluate invariance. Additionally, a graded response model was used for the assessment of item characteristics. Results The results indicate that there is approximate measurement invariance of the COVID-SCORE-10 among the participating countries. Furthermore, IRT results suggest that the COVID-SCORE-10 measures with good psychometric ability a broad spectrum of the construct assessed, especially around average levels. Comparison of COVID-SCORE-10 scores indicated that participants from Cuba, Uruguay and El Salvador had the most positive perceptions of government actions to address the pandemic. Thus, the underlying construct of perception of government actions was equivalent in all countries. Conclusion The results show the importance of initially establishing the fundamental measurement properties and MI before inferring the cross-cultural universality of the construct to be measured.

Resumen La inequidad de género no es ajena a la ciencia, en la que la infrarrepresentación de la mujer en el ámbito académico resulta preocupante. Es una problemática que requiere un estudio profundo, en especial en carreras con altos porcentajes de mujeres como psicología y en regiones como Latinoamérica donde existe una considerable proporción de psicólogas científicas. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar la producción de investigadoras en psicología por tipo de investigación, área de aplicación, liderazgo y temática. Se analizaron un total de 149 artículos publicados por 14 investigadoras que se encuentran en el Registro Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología y de Innovación Tecnológica de Perú (RENACYT). Se excluyeron cuatro psicólogas por no contar con producción científica declarada y documentos repetidos, que no correspondían con un documento científico como resúmenes de congresos, artículos en revistas no indizadas y artículos inubicables en alguna base de datos; todo esto fue hecho siguiendo las recomendaciones de PRISMA. Los resultados señalan una mayor cantidad de coautorías (60.4 %), estudios con diseños empíricos (79.2 %), de objetivo asociativo (36.2 %), estrategia correlacional (21.5 %) y una mayor cantidad de artículos en el subcampo clínico y de la salud (38.9 %), así como en el educativo (38.3 %). Con respecto a la temática, aparecen con mayor frecuencia trastornos clínicos (23.5 %) y procesos cognitivos (16.8 %). Se concluye que las psicólogas investigadoras peruanas realizan estudios empíricos con un menor predominio de estudios teóricos manipulativos, cuasi experimentales o caso único y en mayor medida estudios en el área clínica y de la salud con predominio en trastornos clínicos.

Abstract Gender inequality has not been oblivious to science, where the under-representation of women in the academic scope is a concern. This is a problem that requires in-depth study, especially in careers with high percentages of women such as psychology and regions such as Latin America where there is a considerable proportion of female scientific psychologists. Despite this scene, the feminine production is known to present an increase; however, it is still lower than the masculine one. This shows that women are under-represented in leadership positions, hiring and applying for grants, and financing of research projects in public health and epidemiology. Likewise, review studies on female production in psychology are scarce in Peru and Latin America. The objective of this research is to characterize the production of women researchers in psychology by type of research, area of application, leadership and subject matter. For such objectives, a total of 149 papers published by 14 women researchers recorded in Peru’s National Registry of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation (RENACYT) were analyzed. Four psychologists were excluded because they did not have their scientific production declared; in addition, repeated documents and those which did not correspond to scientific documents, such as congress summaries, papers in non-indexed journals and those excluded from any database were also excluded under the PRISMA's recommendations. The results show a greater quantity of co-authorships (60.4 %), studies with empirical designs (79.2 %), of associative objective (36.2 %), correlational strategy (21.5 %) and a greater quantity of papers in the clinical and health subfield (38.9 %) and education (38.3 %). As for the subject matter, clinical disorders (23.5 %) and cognitive processes (16.8 %) appear with greater frequency. Regarding these findings, there is scientific information evidencing that empirical designs are the most usual form of research, while the theoretical ones are the opposite; at least in Latin American. Furthermore, a ranking of the 100 most eminent psychologists of the 20th century only includes two women: Mary Ainsworth and Anna Freud, ranked 98th and 100th respectively. As for the fact of finding that more than 50 % of researchers occupy the position of co-author, previous studies show similar percentages in the health field indicating an increase from 50.3 % to 55.6 % in co-authorship. Finally, there is little scientific literature about the frequent topics studied by psychologists; therefore, these results are unprecedented; however, a search in Scopus by keywords reveals that HIV is the most studied topic in Peru; a variable located in the clinical and health subfield. Likewise, another variable that appears in the search is depression, that can be included in the topic of clinical disorders. Despite these results, the study has the following limitations: firstly, feminine scientific production can be studied from diverse sources such as review of publications in a journal, presentations at a congress, production in Scopus, which can cause difficulties in contrasting results. Secondly, there are no studies on thematic analysis, which does not allow comparison with previous research and suggests taking the findings with caution because it has a more exploratory connotation, so it is recommended to continue with this type of study. In conclusion, research psychologists carry out empirical studies framed in the analysis of the relationship between variables with a lesser predominance of theoretical and manipulative, quasi-experimental or single case studies. To a greater extent, the research is clinical and based on health. The women appear as co-authors in a large percentage of studies where the most frequent subject is clinical disorder.

Resumen Introducción. La repetición escolar es un fenómeno escolar percibido, pero no atendido en América Latina; esto se evidencia en la escasa producción científica de la población en relación con las variables autoeficacia y perspectiva temporal. En ese sentido, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar la relación entre autoeficacia y perspectiva temporal en estudiantes repitentes de nivel secundario. Metodología. Se aplicó el instrumento Escala de autoeficacia general, en su versión peruana (Grimaldo Muchotrigo, 2005) e Inventario de perspectiva temporal (Díaz-Morales, 2006). Las personas participantes fueron 157 estudiantes escolares que repitieron año escolar en el nivel primario o secundario. Resultados. Los resultados indican una relación moderada y positiva entre autoeficacia y la dimensión temporal de futuro (r = 0,48); pasado positivo (r = 0,32) y presente hedonista (r = 0,30); y una relación baja y positiva entre autoeficacia y pasado negativo (r = 0,22) y presente fatalista (r = 0,27). Discusión. Se concluye que existe una relación moderada entre la autoeficacia y las perspectivas del porvenir que deben ser examinadas en futuros estudios, entendiendo que la población de estudiantes repitentes es un grupo poco investigado aún. De hecho, estos resultados tienen fuertes implicancias prácticas porque permiten dar cuenta de la necesidad de explorar variables psicológicas en una población con repitencia y realizar abordajes desde los departamentos psicopedagógicos de los centros educativos.

Resumo Introdução. A repetição escolar é um fenômeno escolar percebido, mas não resolvido na América Latina, o que é evidenciado na baixa produção científica da população em relação às variáveis autoeficácia e perspectiva temporal. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo examinar a relação entre autoeficácia e perspectiva temporal em estudantes repetidos do ensino médio. Metodologia. Foi aplicado o instrumento Escala Geral de Autoeficácia, em sua versão peruana (Grimaldo Muchotrigo, 2005) e Inventário de Perspectiva Temporária (Díaz-Morales, 2006). Os participantes foram 157 estudantes que repetiram o ano letivo no nível primário ou secundário. Resultados. Os resultados indicam uma relação moderada e positiva entre autoeficácia e dimensão futura (r = 0,48); passado positivo (r = 0,32) e presente hedonista (r = 0,30); e uma relação baixa e positiva entre autoeficácia e passado negativo (r = 0,22) e presente fatalista (r = 0,27). Discussão. Conclui-se que existe uma relação moderada entre autoeficácia e perspectivas futuras que devem ser examinadas nos futuros estudos, entendendo que a população de estudantes que repetem é um grupo ainda pouco pesquisado. De fato, esses resultados têm fortes implicações práticas porque permitem explicar a necessidade de explorar variáveis psicológicas em uma população que repete o ano e de realizar abordagens a partir dos departamentos psicopedagógicos dos centros educacionais.

Abstract Introduction. School repetition is a perceived school phenomenon, but it has not been addressed in Latin America; this is evidenced in the low scientific production of the population concerning the variables self-efficacy and temporal perspective. In this sense, the present research aimed to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and temporal perspective in repeater students of secondary level. Method. The General Self-Efficacy Scale instrument, using its Peruvian version (Grimaldo Muchotrigo, 2005), and Temporary Perspective Inventory (Díaz-Morales, 2006) were applied. The sample consisted of 157 school students who repeated the school year at the primary or secondary level. Results. The results indicate a moderate and positive relationship between self-efficacy and the future dimension (r = 0.48), positive past (r = 0.32) and hedonistic present (r = 0.30), and a low and positive relationship between self-efficacy and negative past (r = 0.22) and fatalistic present (r = 0.27). Discussion. It is concluded that there is a moderate relationship between self-efficacy and prospects that should be examined in future studies, understanding that the population of repeater students is a group that has not yet been studied. In fact, these results have strong practical implications because they show the need to explore psychological variables in a population with grade repetition and to carry out approaches from the psycho-pedagogical departments of the educational centers.

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo aproximarse al significado del amor, a través de su expresión escrita, en una muestra de niños y niñas de Lima Metropolitana de Perú, y examinar sus diferencias según sexo y edad. En total, se contó con la participación de 289 individuos divididos en dos muestras: una muestra exploratoria (n = 50) y otra de confirmación (n = 239). El estudio siguió una metodología mixta, a partir del análisis temático como técnica cualitativa para identificar códigos subyacentes a la definición de amor de los niños, y del análisis clúster jerárquico como técnica cuantitativa para generar un dendrograma. Los resultados revelaron la presencia de seis categorías centrales: relación con otros significativos cercanos, romanticismo y amor propio, relación característica entre adultos, estado positivo, afectividad, y apoyo incondicional. A partir de ello, se concluye que el concepto de amor durante la niñez integra tres categorías del esquema interpretativo de las emociones: contextual o elicitador, experiencia subjetiva, y tendencia expresiva/motivacional.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to approach the meaning of love, through its written expression, in a sample of boys and girls from Metropolitan Lima, Peru, and to examine its differences according to sex and age. A total of 289 children participated in the study, divided into two samples: an exploratory sample (n = 50) and a confirmatory sample (n = 239). The study followed a mixed methodology, using thematic analysis as a qualitative technique to identify codes underlying the children's definition of love, and hierarchical cluster analysis as a quantitative technique to generate a dendrogram. The results revealed the presence of six central categories: relationship with significant others, romanticism and self-love, characteristic relationship between adults, positive state, affectivity, and unconditional support. From this, it is concluded that the concept of love during childhood integrates three categories of the interpretative scheme of emotions: contextual or elicitor, subjective experience, and expressive/motivational tendency.

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the validity based on internal structure of the Children's Questionnaire of Positive Emotions (CIEP), and to provide normative data for the interpretation of the scores of Argentinean children, aged from 8 to 12 years old. Participants were 1384 girls, 1376 boys and 1 child who did not identify his sex (M = 10.14; SD = 1.30). All attended to public or private primary schools, from urban and suburban areas of Argentina. Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the data fit acceptably the five-factor proposed model: joy, gratitude, sympathy, serenity and personal satisfaction. The ANOVA’s revealed differences in the positive emotional experience between girls and boys, being the first who shown greater tendency to be grateful and sympathetic. From these results, the means, standard deviations and percentile values for each sex were calculated.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la validez basada en la estructura interna del Cuestionario Infantil de Emociones Positivas (CIEP), y elaborar un baremo para la interpretación de sus puntuaciones en niños y niñas argentinos de 8 a 12 años. Participaron 1384 niñas, 1376 varones y 1 menor que no identificó su sexo (M = 10.14; DE = 1.30). Todos asistían a escuelas primarias de gestión pública o privada, de zonas urbanas y suburbanas de Argentina. El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio mostró que el modelo de cinco factores: alegría, gratitud, simpatía, serenidad y satisfacción personal, ajusta aceptablemente a los datos. Los análisis de varianza revelaron diferencias en la experiencia emocional positiva entre niñas y varones, siendo las primeras quienes muestran una mayor tendencia a ser agradecidas y simpáticas. A partir de estos resultados se calcularon las medias, las desviaciones típicas y los valores percentilares del CIEP para cada sexo, según correspondió.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency that has substantially modified medical education from face-to-face to online teaching modalities. Objective: To evaluate academic satisfaction before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of university students of health sciences in Peru. Material and Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, and comparative study. An ad hoc sociodemographic form was used; the following questions were included: How would you rate your academic performance at the university? Had you taken any virtual courses before the pandemic? Do you have internet connection at home? Did you fail any course last semester? What is your occupation? The Academic Satisfaction Scale (ASE), which was composed of eight items, was also used. All the questions were asked using a form that was valid on the virtual platform of the university for two weeks and applied in June 2019 (first evaluation) and August 2020 (second evaluation). Results: Among the sociodemographic variables evaluated, the poor quality of internet connectivity (Cohen's d = -0,65) and self-assessment of performance as very high (Cohen's d = -0,72) show moderate differences between 2019 and 2020. Conclusions: The academic satisfaction among health sciences students during the COVID-19 health emergency change considerably when the Internet connectivity is poor and the students evaluate themselves as high achievers, variables that can be considered when designing curricular strategies for health sciences students.

RESUMEN Introducción: La pandemia de la COVID-19 es una emergencia de salud pública que ha modificado sustancialmente la educación médica por pasar de una modalidad presencial a una en línea. Objetivo: Evaluar la Satisfacción Académica antes y durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de ciencias de la salud del Perú. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, de diseño comparativo y corte transversal. Se utilizó una ficha sociodemográfica ad hoc con preguntas; ¿Cómo calificarías tu rendimiento académico en la universidad? Antes de la pandemia, habías llevado cursos virtuales, ¿su conexión de internet en su casa es?, ¿ha desaprobado algún curso el semestre pasado?, ¿ocupación? Y la Escala de Satisfacción Académica (ESA) compuesta por ocho ítems. Todas las preguntas fueron aplicadas mediante un formulario, que se encontró vigente durante dos semanas en la plataforma virtual de la universidad y fue realizado en junio de 2019 (primera evaluación) y agosto del 2020 (segunda evaluación). Resultados: Dentro de las variables sociodemográficas evaluadas la mala calidad de la conectividad a internet (dCohen = -0,65) y autoevaluación rendimiento como muy alto (dCohen = -0,72) presentan diferencias moderadas entre 2019 y 2020. Conclusiones: Los cambios en la Satisfacción Académica del estudiante de Ciencias de la Salud durante la emergencia sanitaria por la COVID-19, tienen una fluctuación considerable cuando la conectividad del internet es mala y el estudiante se evalúa a sí mismo como una persona con alto rendimiento, variables que pueden ser tenidas en cuenta al momento de diseñar estrategias curriculares en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud.

Abstract Introduction Concern about becoming infected with COVID-19 is one of the reactions that has affected the mental health of Peruvian health care workers. Objective To determine the effect of concern about COVID-19 on professional self-efficacy, psychological distress, anxiety, and depression in health personnel in the Puno region of Peru. Method An explanatory, cross-sectional study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 401 health workers (such as nurses, physicians, nursing technicians, obstetricians, dentists, psychologists, and nutritionists) of both sexes (24.2% men and 75.5% women) from 12 health networks in the region of Puno, Peru. They were asked to answer the Scale of Concern for the Transmission of COVID-19 in Health Personnel (EPPC-Cov19), Patient Health Questionnarie-2 (PHQ-2, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2 (GAD-2) and the Professional Self Efficacy Scale (AU-10). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for data analysis. Results The factor loads of the explanatory model showed a good fit: χ2 (286) = 797.31, p < .001; IFC = .99; RMSEA = .06; SRMR = .07; WRMR = 1.25. Therefore concern about COVID-19 has a greater effect on anxiety (β = .77) and depression (β = .71), as well as psychological distress (β = .65), and only a mild effect on work self-efficacy (β = .12). Discussion and conclusion Concern about the spread of COVID-19 affects depression, anxiety, psychological distress and work self-efficacy among Peruvian health workers in the Puno region of Peru.

Resumen Introducción La preocupación por contagiarse con el COVID-19 ha sido una de las reacciones que ha afectado la salud mental de los trabajadores sanitarios peruanos. Objetivo Determinar el efecto de la preocupación por el COVID-19 sobre la autoeficacia profesional, malestar psicológico, ansiedad y depresión en el personal sanitario de la región de Puno, Perú. Método Se realizó un estudio explicativo y transversal, donde participaron voluntariamente 401 trabajadores sanitarios (enfermeros/as, médicos, técnicos en enfermería, obstetras, odontólogos, psicólogos/as, nutricionistas, entre otros; de ambos sexos (24.2% varones y 75.5% mujeres), de 12 redes de salud de la región de Puno. A todos se les aplicó la Escala de Preocupación por el Contagio de el COVID-19 (EPPC-Cov19), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2 (GAD-2) y la Escala de Autoeficacia Profesional (AU-10). Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el Modelamiento de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM). Resultados Las cargas factoriales del modelo explicativo presentaron buenas bondades de ajuste: χ2 (286) = 797.31, p < .001; CFI = .99; RMSEA = .06; SRMR = .07; WRMR = 1.25. Así, la preocupación por el COVID-19 tiene un mayor efecto en la ansiedad (β = .77), depresión (β = .71) y el malestar psicológico (β = .65); en cambio, en la autoeficacia para el trabajo (β = .12) presenta un efecto menor. Discusión y conclusión La preocupación por el contagio de el COVID-19 tiene un efecto significativo sobre la depresión, ansiedad, malestar psicológico y autoeficacia para el trabajo en el personal sanitario peruano de la región de Puno, Perú.

Summary Objective: To determine the degree of satisfaction with the thesis advising received by graduates of a Health School, Peru. Material and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in 87 graduates, 15 of medicine, 22 of nursing, 19 of nutrition and 31 of psychology, who completed their thesis process during 2019. Data collection was carried out by means of a questionnaire of perception of satisfaction with respect to thesis advising, with prior informed consent. Results: 86.2 % were predominantly dissatisfied with the work of whoever was their advisor, 83 % did not define him/her as a researcher, 93 % felt that he/she did not have scientific publications, 93 % that he/she was not motivated to publish the results of his/her thesis and 83 % that he/she did not receive support with the paperwork. Conclusions: The degree of satisfaction of the students about thesis advising was unfavorable; advisors do not demonstrate scientific production and neither do they motivate to publish research results.

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar el grado de satisfacción acerca de la asesoría de tesis recibida en egresados de una Facultad de Salud, Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal analitico realizado en 87 egresados, 15 de medicina, 22 de enfermería 19 de nutrición y 31 de psicología, que culminaron su proceso de tesis durante el año 2019. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario de percepción de satisfacción respecto a la asesoría de tesis, previo consentimiento informado. Resultados: en el 86,2% predomina una insatisfacción respecto a la labor de quien fuera su asesor, 83 % no lo definió como investigador, 93% opinó que no tenía publicaciones científicas, 93 % que no fue motivado a publicar los resultados de su tesis y 83 % que no recibió apoyo con los trámites. Conclusiones: El grado de satisfacción de los estudiantes sobre la asesoría de tesis fue desfavorable; los asesores no demuestran producción científica y tampoco motivan a publicar los resultados de investigación.

Abstract Scientific journals constitute the main channels of the dissemination of scientific knowledge. For this reason, in recent years, the amount of bibliometric studies aiming to elucidate the main features of published articles has increased. This allows for the understanding of investigated topics, contribution and collaboration among authors, institutions and countries involved, as well as the identification of new trends of research. In the field of psychology, the journals with the greatest impact are edited and managed in Anglo-American and Western European countries. Within the Latin American context however, there are also significant editorial efforts to publish relevant articles as in the case of Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, considered a mainstream scientific journal that is indexed in important bibliographic databases (Scopus, WoS- Scielo Citation Index, Scielo) which have maintained the journal’s validity for more than 35 years. The importance of Interdisciplinaria motivates novel research into the characteristics of the scientific articles it publishes. Therefore, this study carries out a bibliometric analysis of Interdisciplinaria, considering the publications indexed in the bibliographic database Scopus (2009-2017). First the history, current status of the journal, and the importance of the bibliometric studies are presented. Then, the process of identification, selection and registration of scientific articles published and indexed in Scopus is formally addressed. From a final sample of 173 articles, the documents were broken down according to the authors’ gender and the language of the publication. Moreover, the compliance with Lotka’s Law on the scientific production of the authors was evaluated. Also, the collaboration rates (Lawani, 1981, 1986; Subramanyam, 1983) were estimated and the collaborative relationships among countries of the authors’ affiliations were displayed. Hence, the sampled works were categorized according to thematic areas and research methodologies. The results reveal a greater presence of women than men, both in the first authorship and in the total authors. Thus the author distribution complies with Lotka’s Law. In particular, it is noted that few authors have the highest number of contributions, while many authors have the least number of contributions. With regard to collaborative work, a substantial increase appeared in the last two triennia (2012-2014 and 2015-2017). This is evident by computing the values of the Lawani and Subramanyam rates. Furthermore, the works are concentrated in areas such as educational psychology, methodology, and psychometry among others (e.g. neuropsychology, comparative psychology, environmental psychology). Finally, it was noted that contributions on quantitative methodology predominated, followed by theoretical studies. The analysis and discussion of the results allow Interdisciplinaria to be used as a reference in the communication of scientific knowledge in Latin America countries, concluding that its denomination as a journal of psychology and related sciences is fairly attributed, since it publishes studies from different fields, a number of which show the connection between psychology and other disciplines.

Resumen El estudio tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis bibliométrico de Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, considerando las publicaciones indizadas en la base bibliográfica Scopus (2009-2017). A partir de una muestra final de 173 artículos científicos, se realizó la descripción de la distribución de los documentos según el sexo de los autores y el idioma de la publicación, así también, se evaluó el cumplimiento de la ley de Lotka sobre la producción científica de los autores. Además, se estimaron índices de colaboración (Lawani, 1981, 1986; Subramanyam, 1983) y se visualizaron las relaciones entre los países de las instituciones de filiación de los autores firmantes. De igual forma, se describió la concentración de trabajos de acuerdo con áreas temáticas y metodologías de investigación. En los resultados se destaca una mayor presencia de mujeres en comparación con los hombres, tanto en la primera autoría como en el total de autores. Así también, se cumple con la ley de Lotka y se visualiza el incremento de trabajos colaborativos en los últimos dos trienios, lo cual se evidencia en los índices de colaboración descritos. Por otra parte, se encontró que los trabajos se concentran en áreas como la psicología educacional, metodología y psicometría. Finalmente, se observa que predominan los trabajos que siguieron metodología cuantitativa. El análisis y discusión de los resultados permite mostrar el trabajo realizado por Interdisciplinaria en los últimos años, siendo un referente para la comunicación del conocimiento científico en los países de Iberoamérica.

Abstract The generation, systematization and knowledge transfer about biodiversity is a fundamental input for its conservation and the inclusion of the community. El Cielo Biosphere Reserve (ECBR) in Tamaulipas, Mexico, is a natural area protected due to the characteristics of its biotic and abiotic resources. The objective of this research was to characterize the current state of the generated knowledge about El Cielo Biosphere Reserve and its relationship with its management program. A qualitative and quantitative search, classification, and review of the primary sources in the Web of Science, Scopus, and Redalyc databases was performed. This information was contrasted with the content of the ECBR Management Program. Results show an indirect association between publications and the management program with the absence of publications in the culture, communication, and management subprograms. The need to systematize the addressed topics was also evident. The main achievement of this work is the integration, mapping, and systematization of publications, which establishes a baseline for future studies. The existing knowledge about ECBR, published in scientific journals, was conducted from a disciplinary approach in the field of Biology. There is evidence that it was used to prepare its most recent management program and that it impacts at least 20% of the actions included in the document. However, the process for the transfer of knowledge was indirect, and new transdisciplinary approaches are required to address the existing socio-ecological problems.

Resumen La generación, sistematización y transferencia del conocimiento sobre la biodiversidad es un insumo fundamental para su conservación y la inclusión de la comunidad. La Reserva de la Biosfera de El Cielo (RBC), Tamaulipas, México es un área natural protegida por las características de sus recursos bióticos y abióticos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar el estado actual del conocimiento generado sobre la Reserva de la Biosfera el Cielo y determinar su relación con su programa de manejo. Se realizó una búsqueda, clasificación y revisión cualitativa y cuantitativa de las fuentes primarias existentes en las bases de datos de Web of Science, Scopus y Redalyc. Esta información se contrastó con el contenido del Programa de Manejo de la RBC. Los resultados muestran asociación indirecta entre publicaciones y programa de manejo, con ausencia de publicaciones en los subprogramas de cultura, comunicación y gestión, así como la necesidad de sistematizar los temas abordados. El principal logro obtenido en este trabajo es la integración, mapeo y sistematización de publicaciones, lo que establece una línea base para estudios futuros. El conocimiento existente sobre la RBC publicado en revistas científicas, se elaboró desde un enfoque disciplinar en el campo de la biología. Existe evidencia de que fue utilizado para elaborar su más reciente programa de manejo y que impacta al menos en el 20 % de las acciones comprendidas en el documento; sin embargo, el proceso para la transferencia del conocimiento fue indirecto y se requieren nuevos enfoques transdisciplinares para abordar la problemática socio-ecológica existente.

Resumen Introducción: actualmente, existe un mayor interés por el estudio del bienestar, debido a su importancia en el desarrollo y evaluación de políticas en salud a favor de la población en general. Por lo tanto, se hace necesaria una medición válida y confiable del bienestar. En este contexto, el estudio evaluó las evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna, confiabilidad e invarianza factorial por sexo del índice de Bienestar General (WHO-5 WBI). Materiales y métodos: participaron 499 estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Trujillo (Perú) de sexo femenino (n = 271) y masculino (n = 228). Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, confiabilidad por consistencia interna e invarianza factorial por sexo mediante un análisis multigrupo. Resultados: el análisis factorial confirmatorio indicó que el modelo unidimensional de cinco ítems con errores correlacionados de los ítems 1 y 4 presentaba un buen ajuste (X2 = 9.667 [gl = 4]; p > 0.05; X2/gl = 2.416; CFI = 0.994; RMSEA = 0.053 [IC90 % : 0.006-0.097]; SRMR = 0.018). Además, se reportó una confiabilidad aceptable (ω = 0.758) e invariancia factorial por sexo. Conclusión: el WHO-5 WBI demostró evidencia empírica a favor de la validez basada en la estructura interna, confiabilidad de las puntuaciones e invariancia factorial, que permiten contar con un instrumento útil y rápido para la medición del bienestar subjetivo en estudiantes universitarios.

Abstract Introduction: Owing to its importance in the development and evaluation of health policies in favor of the general population, there is currently a greater interest in the study of well-being. Therefore, a valid and reliable measurement of well-being is necessary. In this context, this study evaluated the evidence of validity based on the internal structure, reliability, and factor invariance by sex of the General Well-Being Index (WHO-5 WBI). Materials and Methods: A total of 499 university students (female = 271; male = 228) from the city of Trujillo, Peru, participated in the study. A confirmatory factor analysis, reliability by internal consistency, and factor invariance by sex were performed using a multigroup analysis. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 5-dimensional model with 5 correlated errors of items 1 and 4 presented a good fit (X2 =9.667 [gl = 4], p > 0.05; X2/gl = 2.416; CFI = 0.994; RMSEA = 0.053 [IC90% 0.006-0.097]; SRMR = 0.018). In addition, acceptable reliability (ω = 0.758) and factor invariance by sex were reported. Conclusion: The WHO-5 WBI demonstrated empirical evidence in favor of validity based on internal structure, reliability of scores, and factor invariance that allow for a useful and rapid instrument for measuring subjective well-being in university students.

Resumo Introdução: atualmente existe um maior interesse pelo estudo do bem-estar, devido à sua importância no desenvolvimento e avaliação de políticas em saúde a favor da população em geral. Portanto, se faz necessária uma medição válida e confiável do bem-estar. Neste contexto, o estudo avaliou as evidências de validade baseada na estrutura interna, confiabilidade e invariância fatorial por sexo do Índice Geral de Bem-Estar (WHO-5 WBI). Materiais e métodos: participaram 499 estudantes universitários da cidade de Trujillo (Peru) de sexo feminino (n = 271) e masculino (n = 228). Se realizou uma análise fatorial confir-matória, confiabilidade por consistência interna e invariância fatorial por sexo mediante uma análise multigrupo. Resultados: a análise fatorial confirmatória indicou que o modelo unidimensional de cinco itens com erros correlacionados dos itens 1 e 4, apresentava um bom ajuste (X2 = 9,667 [gl = 4], p > 0,05; X2/gl = 2,416; CFI = 0,994; RMSEA = 0,053 [IC90% 0,006-0,097]; SRMR = 0,018). Além disso, se reportou uma confiabilidade aceitável (ω = 0,758) e invariância fatorial por sexo. Conclusão: se conclui que o WHO-5 WBI demostrou evidência empírica a favor da validade baseada na estrutura interna, confiabilidade das pontuações e invariância fatorial que permitem contar com um instrumento útil e rápido para a medição do bem-estar subjetivo em estudantes universitários.

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar, brindar evidencias de validez, revisar la invarianza según el sexo y estimar la fiabilidad de la Escala Triangular de Amor de Sternberg en una versión reducida (ETAS-R). Para esto, participaron 988 personas -748 mujeres y 240 varones-, con edades que oscilaron entre los 16 y los 54 años (M = 21.29; DE = 3.91), con mínimo un mes en una relación de pareja. Previo al análisis estadístico se comprobó la equivalencia semántica del instrumento mediante la traducción inversa. Los resultados revelan que el modelo tridimensional de la ETAS-R presenta buenas bondades de ajuste en los datos (χ2 (87) = 177.14; χ2/gl = 2.04; CFI = .99; RMSEA = .03 [.02, .04]; SRMR = .03), que la prueba es invariante según el sexo, y que su fiabilidad es buena tanto en intimidad (ω = .91) como en compromiso (ω = .93) y pasión (ω = .86). En conclusión, la escala muestra adecuadas evidencias de validez y puede ser utilizada para futuros estudios. Pese a ello, aún debe comprobarse su efectividad en diferentes regiones de Perú

Abstract This study aims to adapt, provide evidence of validity, analyze the invariance across gender, and estimate the reliability of the reduced version of the Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale (STLS-R). The sample size comprises 988 Peruvians (748 females and 240 males), who had been in a relationship for at least one month, and whose ages ranged from16 to 54 years old (M=21.29; SD=3.91). Before the statistical analysis, the semantic equivalence was tested through the translation-back translation method. The results indicate that the three-dimensional STLS-R model present satisfactory goodness-of-fit in the data (χ2 (87) = 177.14; χ2/df =2.04; CFI =.99; RMSEA=.03 [.02, .04]; SRMR = .03) which is invariant with respect to gender, and show acceptable reliability regarding intimacy (ω = .91), commitment (ω = .93) and passion (ω = .86). The overall results offer sufficient valid evidence and suggest that the scale can be used in further studies. However, its effectiveness should still be tested different regions in of Peru.